Antara Dunia Nyata dan Virtual: Studi Kasus Remaja dengan Gangguan Kesehatan Mental Akibat Kecanduan Gadget: Penelitian

Sri Nurhayati Selian; Endang Setianingsih; Lisa Rahma

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.2184

Authors

Sri Nurhayati Selian Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh
Endang Setianingsih Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh
Lisa Rahma Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.2184

Keywords:

Kecanduan Gadget, Kesehatan Mental Remaja, Studi Kasus Kualitatif

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of gadget addiction on adolescent mental health, focusing on real-world and virtual interactions. A qualitative case study approach involved two male adolescents aged 16–18 years who experienced symptoms of gadget addiction and two parents as supporting informants. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, then thematically analyzed to identify usage patterns, psychological impacts, and contributing factors to dependency. Results indicate that respondents used gadgets 10–14 hours per day for online gaming and social media, primarily as an escape from family problems and academic pressures. Impacts include social anxiety, decreased emotional regulation, sleep disturbances, and identity dissociation. Environmental factors such as family conflict, lack of supervision, and addictive technology design exacerbate the condition. The findings confirm that excessive gadget use reduces real-world social interactions and hinders psychosocial development through avoidance coping and the search for digital validation. The study recommends holistic interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, emotional digital literacy, and family environmental modifications, with implications for school-based prevention programs and more responsible technology design policies.

References

APJII (Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet. (2024, Februari 07). APJII Jumlah Pengguna Internet Indonesia Tembus 221 Juta Orang. Retrieved February 25, 2025, from https://apjii.or.id/berita/d/apjii-jumlah-pengguna-internet-indonesia-tembus-221-juta-orang

Creswell, J. W. (2015). Penelitian Kualitatif & Desain Riset: Memilih Di Antara Lima Pendekatan. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar

Desi Hariyanto, K., & Naryoso, A. (2016). Pengaruh Intensitas Mengakses Fitur-Fitur Gadget dan Tingkat Kontrol Orang Tua Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Remaja. Interaksi Online, 4(2), 1–12. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/interaksi-online/article/view/11318

Hasanah, M. (2018). Pengaruh Gadget terhadap Kesehatan Mental Anak. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education, 2(2), 207–214. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51529/ijiece.v2i2.86

Hidayat, F., Hernisawati, H., & Maba, A. P. (2021). Dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap kepribadian anak sekolah dasar: studi kasus pada siswa ‘X.’ Jurnal Humaniora Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.35912/jahidik.v1i1.226

Kamaruddin, I., Leuwol, F., Putra, R., Aina, M., Suwarma, D., & Zulfikhar, R. (2023). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget pada Kesehatan Mental dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa di Sekolah. Journal on Education, 6(1), 307–316. https://jonedu.org/index.php/joe/article/view/2944

Khalefa, E. Y., & Selian, S. N. (2021). Non-Random Samples as a Data Collection Tool in Qualitative Art-Related Studies. International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies, 8(1), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.24821/ijcas.v8i1.5184

Kurniawan, V. E., Anggraini, R. D., & Kristiana, I. (2025). Dampak Kecanduan Gadget Terhadap Emosi dan Perilaku Remaja. Prima Wiyata Health, 6(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.60050/pwh.v6i1.83

Kusuma Rini, M., & Huriah, T. (2020). Prevalensi dan Dampak Kecanduan Gadget Pada Remaja: Literature Review. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v5i1.4609

Layli Mumbaasithoh, Fiya Ma’arifa Ulya, & Kukuh Basuki Rahmat. (2021). Kontrol Diri dan Kecanduan Gadget pada Siswa Remaja. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 12(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.29080/jpp.v12i1.507

Media, C. S. (2023). Remaja dan Smartphone Semakin Tak Terpisahkan. https://digitalmama.id/2023/11/remaja-dan-smarphone-semakin-tak-terpisahkan/#google_vignette

Nurfaidah, A., Susanto, A. D., & Sartika, I. (2024). Hubungan Kecanduan Game Online Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Remaja di SMK Nurul Hikmah Pasar Kemis Kabupaten Tangerang. Medic Nutricia: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 6(3), 61–70. https://ejournal.warunayama.org/index.php/medicnutricia/article/view/5240

Pagia, W. O., & Wahyuni, S. (2024). Pengaruh Gadget terhadap Kesehatan Mental Anak. Jurnal Lingkar Pendidikan, 3(2), 41–45. https://journal.unilak.ac.id/index.php/jlp/article/view/20469

Pratiwi, R. G., & Malwa, R. U. (2021). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecanduan Gadget terhadap Perilaku Remaja. Jurnal Ilmiah Psyche, 15(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.33557/jpsyche.v15i2.1550

Riyanto, A. D. (n.d.). Data (Tren) Pengguna Internet dan Media sosial Tahun 2023 di Dunia. https://andi.link/hootsuite-we-are-social-indonesian-digital-report-2023/

Selian, S. N., Endang Setiangingsih, & Jahara, S. (2025). Peran Psikolog Dalam Penanganan dan Pencegahan Self-Harm Pada Remaja. Psikologi Konseling, 18(1), 148–160. https://doi.org/10.24114/psikologikonseling.v18i1.64859

Sihotang, L., Gerrit, R., Kartika, E., & Novalina, M. (2021). Peran Orang tua Mengatasi Dampak Negatif Gadget pada Remaja Kristen. Prosiding STT Erikson-Tritt, 1(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.53827/pros.v1i1.40

Simanjuntak, J., & Wulandari, I. S. M. (2022). Gangguan Emosi Dan Perilaku Remaja Akibat Kecanduan Gadget. Malahayati Nursing Journal, 4(4), 1057–1065. https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v4i4.6221

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003

Untari, P. D., Ayuni, D. Q., & Dielsa, M. F. (2021). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Gangguan Emosi dan Status Gizi pada Remaja 11 -14 tahun. Jurnal Kesehatan, 12, 367–371. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.35730/jk.v12i0.538

Woran, K., Kundre, R. M., & Pondaag, F. A. (2021). Analisis Hubungan Penggunaan Media Sosial Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Remaja. Jurnal Keperawatan, 8(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.35790/jkp.v8i2.32092

Yanti, N. D., Mardison, L., Dewi, R., & Yenni, Y. (2021). Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Pada Remaja. REAL in Nursing Journal, 4(3), 207. https://doi.org/10.32883/rnj.v4i3.1349

Yusuf, S. (2011). Psikologi Perkembangan Anak dan Remaja. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.