Analisis Spasial Kasus Diabetes Melitus dan Faktor Risiko di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2023: Penelitian

Rista Riviani; Erna Mutiara; Heru Santosa; Arifa Masyitah

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1683

Authors

Rista Riviani Universitas Sumatera Utara
Erna Mutiara Universitas Sumatera Utara
Heru Santosa Universitas Sumatera Utara
Arifa Masyitah Universitas Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1683

Keywords:

Spatial Analysis, Diabetes, Risk Factors

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, potentially damaging organs such as blood vessels, kidneys, heart, and nerves. Indonesia ranks fifth globally in diabetes prevalence, with 19.5 million cases. According to the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI), the national prevalence among individuals aged ≥15 is 2.2%, and 1.9% in North Sumatra. Despite extensive research on risk factors, spatial analysis remains limited. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of diabetes cases and associated risk factors in North Sumatra in 2023. A descriptive quantitative method using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis was applied to 39,919 SKI 2023 records. Results identified Medan (28.20%), Deli Serdang (12.97%), and Langkat (8.11%) as areas with very high case rates. Risk factors spatially aligned with case distribution include smoking and physical inactivity. Local governments are encouraged to design area-based interventions targeting modifiable risk factors and strengthen focused diabetes prevention strategies.

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