Ujaran Kebencian Netizen Pendukung Anies terhadap Prabowo di Media Sosial X Kajian Pragmatik Linguistik Forensik: Penelitian

Miranda Abdullah; Dakia N. Djou; Munkizul Umam Kau

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1687

Authors

Miranda Abdullah Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Dakia N. Djou Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Munkizul Umam Kau Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1687

Keywords:

Hate Speec, Social Media, Pragmatics, Forensic Linguistics, Speech Acts

Abstract

This study aims to examine the forms of hate speech and the types of speech acts used by netizens who support Anies Baswedan against Prabowo Subianto on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter), particularly in the context of the 2024–2029 Indonesian presidential election. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, using data collected through screenshots of tweets containing hate speech. The analysis was conducted using speech act theory proposed by Austin and Searle, as well as hate speech frameworks developed by Benesch and Matsuda. The findings reveal that the most dominant forms of hate speech include insults, defamation, provocation, blasphemy, and the spread of false information. These expressions are delivered through various speech acts such as locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts. The most frequently found types are expressive illocutionary acts (expressing hatred and anger) and directive illocutionary acts (calling others to reject or act). The study concludes that hate speech functions not only as an ideological or emotional expression but also has serious social and legal implications. This research contributes to a better understanding of hate speech patterns in digital discourse and supports the development of forensic linguistics, while also promoting legal and communication literacy in society.

References

Akbar, Syahrizal. (2018). Analisis Tindak Tutur Pada Wawancara Putra Nababan dan Presiden Portugal (Kajian Pragmatik).Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia.Vol. 1.No. 1.Hal. 28

Amam, M.C., & Hafiz, M. (2015). Surat Edaran Kapolri Tentang Penaganan Ujaran Kebencian (Hate Speech) dalam Kerangka Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Keamanan Nasional. Vol 1. No 3, 341-364

Austin, J.L. 1962. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bawamanewi, Arozatulo. (2020). Analisis Tindak Tutur Bahasa Nias Sebuah Kajian Pragmatik.Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran.Vol.

Islamiah, Ardhianti. (2024). Perang Bahasa dalam Media Sosial: Kajian Pragmatik. Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya. Vol 8. No 2, 111-121.

Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. 2015. Surat Edara Kapolri No. SE/06/X/2015 tentang Penanganan Ujaran Kebencian. Jakarta: Polri. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Banten: CV. AA. RIZKY. 123

Mahsun. (2018). Linguistik Forensik: Memahami Forensik Berbasis Teks dengan Analogi DNA. Depok: Rajawali Pers

Maidila, Suryanef, Hasrul. (2024). Perilaku hate speech di media sosial facebook dan twitter. Journal of Education, Cultural and Politics. Vol 4. No 4. 794-804.

Malang Sari, Fenda Dina Puspita. (2012). Tindak Tutur dan Fungsi Tuturan Ekspresif dalam Acara Galau Nite di Metro TV: Suatu Kajian Pragmatik. Jurnal Universitas Airlangga, Vol 1. No 2

Mintowati. (2016). Pencemaran Nama Baik: Kajian Pragmatik. Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa Sastra dan Pembelajarannya. Vol 3. No 2, 198-202.

Permatasari, Indah Devita. (2019). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Ujaran Kebencian Facebook Tahun 2017-2019. Skripsi Universitas Negeri Semarang

Pratama, Putri, dkk. (2023). Analisis Ujaran kebencian di Media Sosial Terhadap Denise Chairesta Dalam Kajian Linguistik Forensik. Jurnal Motivasi Pendidikan dan Bahasa. Vol 1. No 4

Purba Nelvitia. (2022). Kejahatan-kejahatan tertentu Dalam Buku Ke II

Putri, Manullang, dkk. (2024). Analisis Ujaran Kebencian di Media Sosial Thariq Halilintar: Kajian Lingistik Forensik. Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Multidisipliner. Vol 8. No 12, 148-155.

Putri, Murtadlo, dkk. (2020). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Dalam Ujaran Kebencian Pada Balasan Tweet @safarinaswifty: Kajian Pragmatik. Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya. Vol 4. No 4

Rahardi Kunjana. (2019). Konteks Intralinguistik dan Konteks Ekstra Linguistik. Yogyakarta: Amara Books

Rahman, Abdillah, dkk. (2021). Klasifikasi Ujaran Kebencian pada Media Sosial Twitter Menggunakan Support Vector Machine. Jurnal Resti.Vol 5.No 1

Rohmadi, Muhammad. (2014). Kajian Pragmatik Percakapan Guru dan Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.Jurnal Paedagogia. Vol. Salutfiyanti, Delta Anggun. (2018). Analisis Ujaran Kebencian dalam Komentar Warganet Pada Akun Instagram Obrolan Politik. Skripsi.Universitas Muhammadiyah

Searle, J.R. 1969. Speech Acts:An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sonewulan, Ein, dkk. (2021). Kasus Penghinaan Terhadap Presiden Joko Widodo di Media Sosial (Kajian Linguistik Forensik). Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa. Vol 10. No 2, 13-25

Subyantoro. (2019). Linguistik Forensik : Sumbangsih Kajian Bahasa dalam Penegakan Hukum. Vol 1. No 1

Suryani, Istianingrum, dkk. (2021). Linguistik Forensik Ujaran Kebencian Terhadap Artis Aurel Hermansyah di Media Sosial Instagram. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia. Vol 6. No 1

Yule, George.1996. Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.