Dampak Kebijakan Moneter terhadap Ketimpangan Distribusi Pendapatan Riau: Penelitian

Yuda Apriansyah; Darmayuda; Supriani Sidabalok

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1943

Authors

Yuda Apriansyah Universitas Riau
Darmayuda Universitas Riau
Supriani Sidabalok Universitas Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1943

Keywords:

Monetary Policy, Income Inequality, Real Interest Rate, Inflation, Gini Index

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of monetary policy on income distribution inequality in Riau Province. Monetary policy is represented by two main variables: real interest rate and inflation rate. The data used are annual secondary data from 2005 to 2023, obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and Bank Indonesia. This research employs multiple linear regression to examine the relationship between the independent variables and the Gini index as a proxy for income inequality. The results indicate that the real interest rate has a positive effect on income inequality, suggesting that an increase in the interest rate tends to widen the income gap. In contrast, inflation does not have a impact on inequality in Riau during the observation period. The coefficient of determination (R-squared) is 33.18%, indicating that the model explains a portion of the variation in income inequality, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the model. This study recommends that monetary policy should consider its distributional effects and be integrated with fiscal policy to promote more equitable economic outcomes.

References

Amanda, D. L., Yusron, M. A., & Mulyana, A. (2024). Dampak kebijakan moneter terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia: Pendekatan VECM. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, 15(1), 45–56.

Auclert, A. (2019). Monetary policy and the redistribution channel. American Economic Review, 109(6), 2333–2367. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170462

Berisha, E., Meszaros, J., & Meszaros, Z. (2017). Inflation and income inequality in developed economies. Economics Bulletin, 37(2), 1089–1099.

Boediono. (1994). Teori Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Yogyakarta: BPFE.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Indeks Gini Provinsi Riau 2005–2023. Jakarta: BPS.

Galí, J., & Gambetti, L. (2015). The effects of monetary policy on stock market bubbles: Some evidence. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 7(1), 233–257.

Iryanti, N. (2014). Pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 22(2), 180–191.

Koedijk, K. G., Kool, C. J. M., & Muysken, J. (2018). Does monetary policy affect income inequality? A cross-country analysis. Journal of International Money and Finance, 85, 147–164.

Martín-Legendre, J., Rodríguez-Poo, J., & Simón, H. (2020). Monetary policy and income inequality in the Euro Area. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 23(3), 247–267.

Nadya, R., & Syafri, W. (2019). Ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia: Analisis spasial dan sektoral. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 20(2), 145–156.

Putri, A. R., & Wasiaturrahma, R. (2019). Pengaruh kebijakan moneter terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan, 12(2), 122–135.

Sianturi, E. M., & Bustawan, R. (2024). Analisis ketimpangan pendapatan antarwilayah di Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Ekonomi Daerah, 17(1), 10–21.

Yenti, R., & Satria, A. (2020). Dampak suku bunga riil terhadap ketimpangan di negara berkembang. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 24(3), 210–223.