Register Tuturan Anak dalam Permainan Ucing Sumput di Kampung Babakan Salam: Analisis Sosiolinguistik

Penelitian

Abstract

Permainan tradisional menjadi ruang penting bagi anak untuk mengembangkan kompetensi sosiolinguistik melalui interaksi sebaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk leksikal dan fungsi sosiolinguistik register tuturan anak dalam permainan ucing sumput di Kampung Babakan Salam, Garut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan observasi partisipatif, rekaman, dan pencatatan terhadap tuturan anak laki-laki usia 6–11 tahun yang bermain secara alamiah. Data ditranskripsikan, diklasifikasikan ke dalam leksikon peran, tindakan, status, formula hitungan, serta ungkapan ekspresif dan eliptis, kemudian dianalisis dengan konsep register, gaya, dan komunitas praktik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permainan ucing sumput membentuk register khas yang ditandai leksikon teknis (ucing, dua lima, hong, asin, katepel), formula hitungan tereduksi (ji, wa, lu, pat), dan struktur eliptis yang mendukung respons cepat. Register ini berfungsi mengatur alur permainan, menegosiasikan aturan dan sanksi, serta memperkuat solidaritas kelompok melalui gaya tutur santai, alih kode Sunda–Indonesia, dan interjeksi populer. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ucing sumput berperan sebagai “laboratorium bahasa” tempat anak Sunda belajar mengelola peran sosial, keadilan, dan identitas linguistik dalam komunitas lokal mereka.

Traditional games provide an important space for children to develop sociolinguistic competence through peer interaction. This study describes the lexical forms and sociolinguistic functions of children’s speech register in the Sundanese hide-and-seek game ucing sumput in Kampung Babakan Salam, Garut. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, involving participatory observation, audio recording, and note-taking of naturally occurring play among boys aged 6–11 years. The utterances were transcribed, classified into role, action, and status lexicon, counting formulas, and expressive and elliptical expressions, then analyzed using the concepts of register, style, and community of practice. The findings show that ucing sumput forms a distinctive register marked by technical lexical items (ucing, dua lima, hong, asin, katepel), reduced counting formulas (ji, wa, lu, pat), and elliptical structures that support rapid responses. This register regulates the flow of the game, mediates rule and sanction negotiation, and strengthens peer solidarity through casual style, Sundanese–Indonesian code-switching, and popular interjections. The study concludes that ucing sumput functions as a “language laboratory” where Sundanese children learn to manage social roles, fairness, and linguistic identity within their local peer community.