Kelas Sosial dan Akses terhadap Keadilan: Kajian Ketimpangan dalam Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia : Penelitian

Sri Damayanti; Fauzan Rasyid Adhari; Januar Alpahluzie; Fitra Fajar Ananta

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i2.3708

Authors

Sri Damayanti UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Fauzan Rasyid Adhari UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Januar Alpahluzie UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Fitra Fajar Ananta UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i2.3708

Keywords:

Social Inequality, Law Enforcement, Social Class, Legal Equality

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the forms of social inequality in law enforcement in Indonesia and how economic, power, educational, and gender factors influence access to justice. The phenomenon of legal inequality indicates that the Indonesian legal system has not fully implemented the principle of equality before the law. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were collected through analysis of various secondary sources such as scientific journals. The results show that inequality in law enforcement is still influenced by economic factors, where the poor have difficulty obtaining adequate legal assistance, while influential groups have the financial capacity to influence the legal process. In addition, low legal literacy, geographical inequality, and gender bias also exacerbate inequality in the legal system. Discriminatory practices by law enforcement officers against lower-class communities also weaken public trust in legal institutions. This study emphasizes the importance of structural reform in the legal system so that justice can be accessed equally regardless of social class.

References

Bappenas. (2022). Laporan pembangunan hukum dan HAM di Indonesia. Kementerian PPN/Bappenas.

Desmond, M., & Emirbayer, M. (2019). Racial inequality in the criminal justice system: Sociological insights and reform efforts. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 813–843.

Ell, M. C. (2023). Socio-legal perspectives on legal estrangement and police reform. Law & Society Review, 57(1), 45–67.

Firmansyah, D. D., & Pangestika, E. Q. (2024). Ketidakadilan dalam penegakan hukum di Indonesia: Sebuah tinjauan kritis. Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(3), 219–223.

Harris, A., & Lynch, M. (2021). Intersectionality and criminal justice reform: A sociological approach. Social Problems, 68(3), 567–585.

Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia. (2023). Laporan tahunan penegakan HAM di Indonesia 2023. Komnas HAM.

Komnas Perempuan. (2024). Catatan tahunan kekerasan terhadap perempuan di Indonesia 2024 (CATAHU 2024). Komnas Perempuan.

Maulana, M., & Saebani, B. A. (2024). Timbangan hukum yang miring: Kesenjangan sosial dalam penegakan hukum. UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

Sihombing, J. S. P., Saraswati, R., Yunanto, Y., & Turymshayeva, A. (2024). The regulation of legal protection for poor communities toward justice in Indonesia and the Netherlands. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 4(2).

Subhan, D., Satriyani, D., Arianti, D., Ramdhana, M. A., & Massunna, M. W. (2025). Ketimpangan sosial dan akses terhadap keadilan hukum di Indonesia. PESHUM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Humaniora, 4(5).

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Tama, R. A., Ikrom, M., Dixon, E., Nte, N. D., & Idris, S. H. (2023). The role of legal empowerment based advocacy for rural communities on structural social inequality. Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services, 5(2), 161–180.

Transparency International Indonesia. (2023). Indeks persepsi korupsi Indonesia tahun 2023. Transparency International Indonesia.