Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Pekerja Perempuan di Indonesia Berdasarkan Teori Konflik Sosial Max Weber : Penelitian

Putri Syakbania Dalimunthe; Agusmidah Agusmidah; Dedi Harianto

doi:10.31004/jerkin.v4i2.3744

Authors

Putri Syakbania Dalimunthe Universitas Sumatera Utara
Agusmidah Agusmidah Universitas Sumatera Utara
Dedi Harianto Universitas Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i2.3744

Keywords:

Legal Protection, Female Workers in Indonesia, Max Weber's Social Conflict Theory

Abstract

This study aims to analyze legal protection for the rights of female workers in Indonesia through the perspective of Max Weber's Social Conflict Theory, which emphasizes the dimensions of class, status, and power. Normatively, various laws and regulations have provided a basis for protection, but their implementation still faces structural obstacles. This normative-sociological juridical research uses a conceptual and legislative approach with qualitative analysis of secondary data in the form of regulations and case studies. The results show that employment relations are still dominated by power imbalances between capital owners and female workers, which are reinforced by a patriarchal culture. In the class dimension, employers often avoid compliance costs, making female workers vulnerable to economic exploitation. In the status dimension, patriarchal norms weaken legal protection against discrimination, harassment, and maternity rights. Violations of maternity rights, wage and promotion discrimination, and high levels of sexual harassment reflect social conflicts resulting from economic domination and status, so that formal legal protection has not been substantively realized. This study concludes that the weak protection of female workers is not only due to legal implementation, but also to structural power imbalances.

References

Giddens, Anthony, Sociology, Edisi Keenam, (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2009), hlm. 53

Parsons, Talcott, The Structure of Social Action, Jilid 2, (New York: The Free Press, 1937), hlm. 550

Soemardjan, Selo, Perubahan Sosial di Yogyakarta, (Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1980), hlm. 120-125

Weber, Max, Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology, Diedit oleh Guenther Roth dan Claus Wittich, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978), hlm. 926-939

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Pasal 76 dan 81

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2003 Nomor 39, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4279.

Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual.

A.B. Mulyono, Rasionalitas Kapitalis dan Eksploitasi Tenaga Kerja, Jurnal Ekonomi Politik, Vol. 10, No. 2 (2020), hlm. 145

B. Haryanto, Patriarki dan Subordinasi Gender dalam Struktur Kerja Manufaktur, Jurnal Sosiologi Indonesia, Vol. 15, No. 1 (2021), hlm. 78-82

S. Purwanto, Tantangan Birokrasi Pengawasan Ketenagakerjaan dalam Perspektif Weberian, Jurnal Hukum Administrasi Negara, Vol. 8, No. 3 (2019), hlm. 210

Data Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan RI, Tingkat Keterwakilan Perempuan dalam Kepengurusan Serikat Pekerja Tahun 2022, (Jakarta: Kemnaker, 2023)

Laporan tahunan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum (LBH) Jakarta, Diskriminasi dan Kekerasan di Tempat Kerja, (Tahun Publikasi), hlm. 45-50

Laporan NGO ketenagakerjaan yang menyoroti diskriminasi gender dan pelanggaran hak maternitas di sektor industri

Laporan ILO, Women in the Informal Economy: A Global Picture, (Geneva: ILO, 2023), hlm. 35-40 (Digunakan sebagai data pendukung kerentanan pekerja perempuan)

Permenaker terkait pelindungan khusus perempuan